英语限定与非限定结构中话题成分的逆向约束及其二语处理研究

L2 Processing Study of Topics with Backward Binding in English(Non)finite Structures

语言学理论对非论元结构的语法表征分析认为,填充词与其次范畴化选择者之间具有过渡性质的中间结构(Chomsky,1995),而且该分析在英语本族语句子处理研究中已得到较为坚实的实证支持(Gibson&Warren,2004),但成人二语者在处理同等非论元结构时却呈现出浅结构表征的中介语处理模式(Marinis,Roberts&Felser,2005)。针对(非)限定性话题结构中的逆向回指所实施的自定步速阅读研究的实证结果显示,填充词-缺位依存关系在中介语语法中并无抽象的句法单位(空语类)居于子句的边缘地带(Spec-CP);二语者等同或接近于本族语者的显性中介语表现源自于其直接联系的处理策略(Pickering&Barry,1996)。基于限定性范畴在英汉语中的形态表现差异,中介语浅层结构表征的形成可归因于二语者的母语(汉语)并不采用显性形态形式来标记句子的(非)限定性这一类型学特征。

The linguistic analysis of the grammatical representations of non-argument structures proposes that intermediate structures may exist between fillers and their subcategorizers(Chomsky,1995),which is empirically supported by robust data in English native speakers’sentence processing(Gibson&Warren,2004).However,Shallow Structure Representations(SSH)are put forward for adult L2 learners’processing of fillergap dependencies(Marinis,Roberts&Felser,2005).The present self-paced study,focusing on topical elements with backward binding in English(non)finite sentences,reveals that the peripheral Spec-CP of the subordinate clauses are occupied with no abstract units(no empty categories),and adults L2 learners resort to Direct Association Strategy(DAH)to demonstrate near-native performance(Pickering&Barry,1991).This paper,on the basis of different markings of(non)finiteness in English and Chinese,attributes L2 shallow representations to the lack of explicit morphological markings of(non)finiteness in adults’native tongue(Chinese).