同位素示踪法在广西花山岩画矿物颜料产地溯源中的应用

Application of isotope tracing in resource provenance of mineral pigment in Huashan rock painting of Guangxi

花山岩画赤铁矿颜料的来源问题一直备受关注。以花山岩画样品和左江流域调研采集的赤铁矿样品为研究对象,采用多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(MC-ICP-MS)进行铅同位素和铁同位素比值测定,2种分析方法相互验证,实验结果表明,花山岩画的红色涂绘颜料是采用左江流域当地的赤铁矿制作而成,在8处赤铁矿样品中,有2处赤铁矿源表现出与花山岩画样品相似的综合同位素特征,作为矿物颜料产地的可能性最大,且是距离花山岩画较近的2个矿源。该项研究证实了同位素示踪法在岩画矿物颜料产地溯源研究上的可行性,也从科学角度侧面体现了左江流域当时的生产生活与技术水平,古人熟练掌握对赤铁矿的辨识、采集与使用,并且熟知左江流域赤铁矿的分布,进而可根据绘制岩画的地理位置就近取材。

The source of hematite pigment in Huashan rock painting has been concerned.Taking Huashan rock painting samples and hematite samples collected in the Zuojiang River Basin as research objects,the Pb and Fe isotope ratios were determined by multi-receiver inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer(MC-ICP-MS).The two analysis methods verified each other and the experimental results show that:The red pigment of Huashan rock painting comes from the local hematite in Zuojiang River basin.Among the eight hematite samples,two of them show similar isotope characteristics to the Huashan rock painting samples,which are the most likely sources of the pigment and they are close to the Huashan rock painting.The study proves that it is feasible to study the source of rock painting pigments by isotope tracing method,which also reflects the level of production,life and technology in the Zuojiang River Basin at that time.The ancients mastered the identification,collection and use of hematite,and were familiar with the distribution of hematite around the Zuojiang River basin,so they could take materials nearby according to the geographical location of rock paintings to be drawn.