浙江制造业人才结构与产业结构匹配性研究

Study on the matching of talent structure and industrial structure in Zhejiang manufacturing industry

数字化转型升级对产业人才知识技能水平提出新要求。新的产业范式结构变化容易造成产业人才的“技术性”失业,而高水平产业人才的缺乏也会导致产业难以成功转型升级。通过采用产业人才结构偏离度算法,测算当前浙江制造业人才与产业结构匹配程度,发现浙江多数传统制造行业就业结构偏离度呈现负值,新兴制造领域则都为正值;制造业人才需求中稀缺问题的严重性远远超过供给过剩问题;部分行业领域近十几年来结构偏离系数产生了比较大的波动。建议从改革人才培养方案、完善职业教育体系、整合政产学资源和强化人才优惠政策等方面提升制造业结构和人才结构协调水平,促进浙江省制造业实现高质量发展。

Digital transformation and upgrading put forward new tests to the knowledge and skill level of industrial talents.The change of new industrial paradigm structure can easily cause the“technical”unemployment of industrial talents,and the lack of high-level industrial talents will lead to the failure of industrial transformation and upgrading.By using the deviation degree algorithm of industrial talent structure,the matching degree of talents and industrial structure in Zhejiang'manufacturing industry is measured.It is found that the deviation degree of employment structure in most traditional manufacturing industries in Zhejiang is negative,while the deviation degree of emerging manufacturing fields is positive.At the same time,the shortage of talent demand in the manufacturing industry far exceeds the problem of oversupply.The structural deviation degree of some industries fluctuated greatly in the last decade.Finally,it is suggested to improve the coordination level of Zhejiang manufacturing industry structure and talent structure from the aspects of reforming talent training programs,perfecting vocational education systems,constructing dynamic adjustment mechanisms and expanding talent introduction,so as to promote the development of Zhejiang manufacturing industry to high quality.