动词连用格式中否定焦点的句法和语用互动

Syntactic and pragmatic interactions in the interpretation of the focus of negation in verb serials

不同时间模式的动词连用中否定焦点的解读不同,受句法结构、语用、动词间语义关系、时间模式和事件语义结构等多种因素的共同影响。方式义和工具义动词连用前加否定词“不”,句法上否定辖域涵盖VP1和VP2,但受语境因素影响否定焦点可以解读为否定VP1或同时否定VP1和VP2。条件前提义和目的义动词连用前加否定词“不”,句法上否定辖域和否定焦点是VP1,但目的义动词连用中受动词规约性、语境和事件结构等因素影响,否定焦点可以理解为超越句法限制同时否定VP1和VP2。情景义动词连用受认知模式和事件结构影响,只能在VP1和VP2之间加否定词“不”,否定辖域和焦点都是VP2。

The interpretation of focus of negation in different verb serials varies with a number of factors,including syntactic structure,pragmatic factors,semantic relations between two verbs,time configurations and event structures.For manner and instrument verb serials,the negation adverb“bu”precedes the two verb phrases and the scope of negation also covers the two VPs,but the focus of negation might be either VP1 or both VPs depending on different pragmatic factors.For conditional and purpose verb serials,the negation adverb also precedes the two verb phrases,but the scope of negation only covers the first VP.However,due to influences of the pragmatic factors and event structures,the interpretation of focus of negation will cover both VPs.For contextual verb serials,due to the factors of cognitive pattern and event structure,the negative adverb can only be put in between the two VPs and the scope and focus of negation are both VP2.