金融科技、冗余雇员与商业银行绩效

Fintech, Redundant Employees and Commercial Bank Performance

运用2011-2018年我国沪深A股上市商业银行的微观数据,实证分析金融科技对商业银行绩效的影响,并从冗余雇员视角探究金融科技影响商业银行绩效的作用渠道。实证结果表明,商业银行金融科技与其绩效呈正U型关系,冗余雇员起中介作用。其中,商业银行金融科技与冗余雇员呈倒U型关系,冗余雇员对商业银行绩效有负向影响。但不同商业银行冗余雇员的中介效应存在差异,国有商业银行冗余雇员的中介效应不显著,其金融科技与冗余雇员呈右偏的正U型关系,且金融科技对国有商业银行的规模效应和技术溢出效应显著优于非国有商业银行,国有商业银行在金融科技的发展中受益更多。此外,银行外部金融科技对商业银行绩效有显著负向影响,但对商业银行冗余雇员不存在显著影响。

Using the micro data of Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed commercial banks from 2011 to 2018, this article makes an empirical analysis on the impact of fintech on the commercial bank performance and explores the channels from the perspective of redundant employees. The empirical results show that there is a positive U-shaped relationship between fintech and the commercial bank performance, with redundant employees acting as intermediaries. There is an inverted U-shaped relationship between fintech and redundant employees, and redundant employees harm the commercial bank performance. However, there are differences in intermediary effect of redundant employees in different commercial banks. The mediating effect of redundant employees in stateowned commercial banks is not significant, and the relationship between fintech and redundant employees is right-skewed positive U-shaped. The scale effect and technology spillover effect of fintech on state-owned commercial banks are more significant than non-state-owned commercial banks. State-owned commercial banks benefit more from the fintech development. In addition, the external fintech of the bank has a significantly negative impact on the commercial bank performance, but has not effects on redundant employees of commercial banks.