抑郁症相关执行功能障碍的磁共振成像研究进展

Advances in magnetic resonance imaging of depression-related executive dysfunction

抑郁症患者常合并执行功能障碍,这种认知障碍会影响其日常生活质量及预后。执行功能需要额叶皮质、边缘系统、颞顶叶、丘脑、小脑、岛叶、脑干网状系统等协同作用,相应神经回路(主要包括默认模式网络、执行控制网络、突显网络和边缘系统)及其关键区域之间连接的破坏会导致执行功能的破坏。MRI可以非侵入性地显示大脑及其神经网络的结构和功能改变,识别抑郁症相关执行功能障碍及其治疗反应的异常表现,从而评估其功能背后相关的神经机制。笔者综述了目前抑郁症相关执行功能障碍的磁共振结构成像(包括弥散张量成像、形态结构成像)及功能成像的研究进展。

Depression is often associated with executive dysfunction,a cognitive impairment that can have an effect on quality of daily life and prognosis.Executive function requires the synergy among the frontal cortex,limbic system,temporal parietal lobe,thalamus,cerebellum,insular lobe,and brainstem reticular system.The damage of the corresponding neural circuit(mainly including the default mode network,executive control network,salience network,and limbic system)and the interregional connections of the important network components of these neural circuits leads to the destruction of executive function.MRI can noninvasively reveal structural and functional changes in the brain and its neural networks and can be used as a biomarker to identify depression-related executive dysfunction and its response to treatment to assess the related neural mechanisms underlying its function.In this work,the authors review the current research progress of structural(diffusion tensor imaging and morphological structural imaging)and functional MRI for depression-related executive dysfunction.