无机纳米材料介导的肿瘤放疗增敏的研究进展

Research progress on inorganic nanomaterial-mediated tumor radiosensitization

放疗作为一种肿瘤治疗手段,可通过电离辐射对肿瘤细胞造成直接或间接的损伤,但电离辐射对正常组织的损伤和肿瘤的放疗抵抗等问题会影响放疗的疗效。肿瘤放疗增敏是近年来的研究热点,其旨在增强肿瘤对放疗的敏感性,从而克服放疗的缺陷,提高放疗的疗效。无机纳米材料介导的肿瘤放疗增敏主要通过增加细胞内的辐射能量沉积、催化产生活性氧自由基和调控肿瘤微环境等方式提高放疗的疗效。笔者就无机纳米材料介导的肿瘤放疗增敏的研究进展进行综述。

Radiotherapy,as a method for tumor treatment,refers to the utilization of ionizing radiation to cause direct or indirect damage to tumor cells.However,the effect of radiotherapy is limited because of the normal tissue damage and tumor radiation resistance of tumor cells.Tumor radiosensitization is a research hotspot in recent years,which aims to increase the sensitivity of tumors to radiotherapy,overcome the defects of radiotherapy and improve the efficacy of radiotherapy.Inorganic nanomaterial-mediated tumor radiosensitization can improve radiotherapy efficacy mainly by increasing intracellular radiation energy deposition,catalyzing the generation of reactive oxygen species and regulating the tumor microenvironment.This article reviews the research progress on inorganic nanomaterial-mediated tumor radiosensitization.