儿童青少年体质健康与学业成绩的关系:有中介的调节模型

Influence of Teenager Physical Fitness on Academic Achievement in Adolescents:A Moderated Mediation Model

目的探讨我国儿童青少年体质健康水平与学业成绩之间关系的影响机制;以执行功能为中介变量,年龄为调节变量建立一个有中介的调节模型。方法对湖北地区1970名学生进行体质健康水平测试,并采用问卷法对执行功能水平测试,以语文、数学、英语三门学科成绩的标准分作为学业成绩指标。使用AMOS21.0以及SPSS22.0对数据进行分析。结果体质健康水平指标中的有氧耐力、速度、肌肉力量以及柔韧性均与各科学业成绩存在显著正相关;执行功能作为中介变量存在于体质健康水平与学业成绩的关系中,模型拟合程度良好(χ^(2)/df为4.246,NFI为0.98,CFI为0.98,RMSEA为0.041)。此外,该模型还受到年龄的调节作用,与其他因素一起构成了有中介的调节模型。结论(1)儿童青少年的体质健康水平与其学业成绩间呈正相关,可以对其作出正向预测;(2)执行功能在体质健康水平与学业成绩间起到部分中介作用;(3)年龄在体质健康水平、执行功能、学业成绩的关系间起调节作用。

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of physical fitness on academic performance and explore its mechanism.A conditional process model was established with executive function as the intervening variable and age as the moderator variable.The fitness test of 1970 students in Hubei province was done by taking the students’Chinese,mathematics and English scores as the performance indicators.The data was analyzed by AMOS21.0 and SPSS22.0.The results showed that there were gender differences in physical fitness,executive function and academic performance.There were significant positively correlation between aerobic endurance,speed,muscle strength and flexibility and academic performance of all subjects.Executive function as an intervening variable was found in the relationship between physical fitness and academic performance,and the fitting degree of its model was good(χ^(2)/df=4.246,NFI=0.98,CFI=0.98,RMSEA=0.041).In addition,the model was also moderator by age and constitutes a conditional process model with other factors.It could be concluded that there was a signif icant correlation students’physical fitness and their academic performance,which could be positively predicted.Executive function served as an intervening variable between physical fitness and academic performance.Age was as a moderator variable in the relationship of physical fitness,executive function and academic performance.