冰雪滑动摩擦研究现状及发展趋势

Research Status and Development Trend of Ice and Snow Sliding Friction

随着材料、检测设备和仿真软件的发展,冰雪摩擦的研究有了进一步的突破.冰和雪都拥有独特的摩擦特性,它们的微观结构、表面薄层和测试方法一直都是科学研究的重点.本文作者综述了关于冰雪与不同固体材料表面之间的摩擦学特性,简要介绍了冰雪微观形态、物态变化以及更深层次地从微观和纳观层面研究冰雪摩擦机理;重点介绍现有国内外在室内与室外进行冰雪摩擦测试的方法和测试装置的差异及影响,并结合减摩特性的摩擦机理研究在运动器材设计中的运用进行了简要总结.最后,在未来的发展中应更加注重这几个方向的研究,为国内冰雪摩擦领域研究及冰雪运动器材设计产业提供理论支持.

With the development of materials,testing equipment and simulation software,the research on ice and snow friction has made further breakthroughs.Both ice and snow have unique frictional properties,and their microstructure,surface layers and testing methods have been the focus of scientific research.The author of this article reviews the tribological characteristics between ice and snow and the surfaces of different solid materials,briefly introduces the microscopic morphology and physical state changes of ice and snow,as well as a deeper study of the friction mechanism of ice and snow from the microscopic and nanoscopic levels;focuses on the impact of the different methods and test devices for ice and snow friction testing indoors and outdoors at home and abroad,and the application of friction mechanism research with anti-friction characteristics in sports equipment design is briefly summarized.Finally,in the future development,more attention should be paid to the research in these directions to provide theoretical support for the research in the field of ice and snow friction and the ice and snow sports equipment design industry in China.