广东省本地产茶叶中15种农药残留污染状况调查

Pollution status of 15 pesticides residues in local tea samples in Guangdong Province

目的了解广东省本地产茶叶中农药残留品种及其污染水平,明确茶叶质量安全状况,以期为生产监管和消费提供依据。方法采集110份广东省本地产茶叶,采用GC-MS/MS方法对茶叶中10种拟除虫菊酯和5种有机氯类农药残留进行检测,并依据食品安全国家标准GB 2763—2021评价茶叶中多农残的超标状况。结果广东省本地产茶叶共检出10种农药残留,主要残留品种为联苯菊酯、甲氰菊酯和氯氰菊酯,其中联苯菊酯检出率最高为73.64%,均值为0.346 mg/kg,且在乌龙茶中残留均值最大;仅有4份样本存在氰戊菊酯或甲氰菊酯残留超标现象;存在多组分农药联合污染现象;联苯菊酯、甲氰菊酯和氯氰菊酯残留水平存在地域性差异规律,原产地为粤东地区(潮州和梅州)污染水平较高,而粤北(韶关和清远)和珠三角地区(肇庆)污染水平相对较低。结论广东本地产茶叶农药残留检出率较高,但超标率较低,整体合格率高。政府监管部门应对主要检出的联苯菊酯、甲氰菊酯和氯氰菊酯进行重点监测。

Objective To understand the pollution level of multi-pesticides residues in local tea samples in Guangdong Province,and clarify the quality and safety of tea,so as to provide a basis for production supervision and consumption.Methods 110 local tea samples were collected in Guangdong Province,10 kinds of pyrethroids pesticide and 5 kinds of organochlorine pesticides residues were detected by GC-MS/MS and evaluated according to the national standard GB 2763—2021.Results Among the 110 samples,only 10 pesticides were detected,and bifenthrin,fenpropathrin and cypermethrin were the mainly detected varieties.The highest frequency of detection was bifenthrin(73.64%)with an average value of 0.346 mg/kg.It was oolong tea that had the highest average value;excessive contents of fenvalerate or fenpropathrin were only found in four tea samples;the phenomenon of multi-pesticides residue was existed.The pollution levels of bifenthrin,fenpropathrin and cypermethrin in eastern Guangdong(Chaozhou and Meizhou)were high,while the pollution levels in northern Guangdong(Shaoguan and Qingyuan)and the Pearl River Delta(Zhaoqing)were relatively low.Conclusion The detection rates of pesticide residues in local tea samples in Guangdong Province were high,but the exceeding rates were low.The government supervision departments should focus on the monitoring of bifenthrin,fenpropathrin and cypermethrin in teas.