中微量元素叶面肥处理对樱桃番茄生长、产量和品质的影响

Effects of Foliar Fertilizer Treatment With Medium and Trace Elements on Growth,Yield and Quality of Cherry Tomato

以“吉甜一号”樱桃番茄为试材,采用随机区组设计和主成分分析法,研究了不同中微量元素叶面肥对樱桃番茄生长、产量和品质的影响,以期筛选出提高冷棚樱桃番茄产量和品质的合理叶面肥喷施方案。结果表明:中微量元素叶面肥处理对樱桃番茄产量并无显著影响;喷施富含Ca、B、Zn中微量元素的叶面肥可提高樱桃番茄果实的维生素C、可溶性糖含量、果实硬度以及糖酸比。综合来看,在缓苗后、开花-坐果期、坐果-转色期、转色-采收前期、采收前期-采收后期每667 m^(2)喷施螯合硼22.5、30.0、37.5、60.0、60.0 L,浓度均为0.6 g·L^(-1);坐果-转色期、采收前期-采收后期每667 m^(2)喷施螯合钙37.5、60.0 L,浓度均为0.8 g·L^(-1)时,可在不降低产量的情况下,提高樱桃番茄的整体果实品质。

Taking‘Jitian No.1’cherry tomato as test materials,the effects of foliar fertilizer treatment of different medium and trace elements on the growth,yield and quality of cherry tomato were studied by using the method of random block design and principal component analysis,in order to screen out the reasonable spraying scheme of foliar fertilizer and improve the yield and quality of cherry tomato in cold shed.The results showed that foliar fertilizer treatment of medium and trace elements had no significant effect on cherry tomato yield.However,spraying foliar fertilizer rich in trace elements of Ca,B and Zn could improve the contents of vitamin C,soluble sugar,fruit hardness and sugar-acid ratio of cherry tomato fruits.In conclusion,boron chelate was sprayed at 22.5,30.0,37.5,60.0,60.0 L per 667 m^(2),after slow seedling,flowering and fruit-setting stage,fruit-turning stage,color turning stage,and early and late harvesting stage,with a concentration of 0.6 g·L^(-1).The whole fruit quality of cherry tomato could be improved without reducing the yield when was sprayed at 37.5 L,and 60.0 L per 667 m^(2)with the concentration of 0.8 g·L^(-1)calcium chelate,during the period from fruit-setting to color turning and from early harvest to late harvest.