柔性石墨烯/碳纳米纤维素/聚偏氟乙烯电加热膜的制备与表征

Preparation and Characterization of Flexible Graphene/Carbonized Cellulose Nanofiber/Polyvinylidene Fluoride Electric Heating Film

纳米纤维素(CNF)作为一种天然大分子,碳化后得到的碳纳米纤维素(C-CNF)拥有类似石墨结构,将其用于石墨烯与聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)薄膜的组装,可构建高性能稳定堆积结构的电加热薄膜。采用溶液共混法制备石墨烯/C-CNF/PVDF(GCP)分散液,利用真空干燥法制备出GCP薄膜。通过研究得出,GCP薄膜的电阻控制在40.6~74.6Ω,与石墨烯/PVDF薄膜的电阻(89Ω)相差不大。不同石墨烯质量分数的GCP薄膜平衡温度随电压增加呈线性增加,GCP-03膜在6 V电压下可快速达到158℃,与其他薄膜相比温度最高。GCP薄膜在相同电压下可保持在一定平衡温度范围内,电阻呈逐渐降低至一定范围稳定的趋势,薄膜在电阻和温度变化方面具有一定的可控性。从红外热成像得出,GCP膜具有电热性能优良、热稳定性能良好和热量分布均匀等特点,这些优势将利于功能性纺织品在航空航天和工业等各种领域中发挥更大作用。

Cellulose nanofibers(CNFs)are a kind of natural macromolecules.Carbonized cellulose nanofibers(C-CNFs)can be obtained by carbonizing CNFs,whose structure is similar to that of graphite.When C-CNFs are used in the assembly of graphene and polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)films,the electric heating films with high performance and a stable stacking structure can be constructed.Graphene/C-CNFs/PVDF(GCP)dispersion was prepared using the solution blending method,and GCP films were prepared with the vacuum drying method.The results show that the resistance of the GCP films is controlled at about 40.6-74.6Ω,which is little different from that of graphene/PVDF film(89Ω).The equilibrium temperatures of the GCP films with different graphene mass fractions increase linearly with the increase of voltage.The GCP-03 film can quickly reach 158℃at 6 V voltage,which is the highest compared with other films.The GCP film can be kept in a specific equilibrium temperature range under the same voltage,and the resistance gradually decreases to a stable range.The film has certain controllability in the change of resistance and temperature.From infrared thermal imaging,the GCP film has excellent electrothermal performance,good thermal stability and uniform heat distribution.These advantages will help functional textiles play a more significant role in aerospace,industry and other fields.