迈向高收入阶段的农村消费升级:国际经验与政策启示

Upgrading Rural Consumption towards a Higher-income Stage:International Experience and Policy Implications

以美日韩三个典型发达国家为研究视角,可以总结出迈向高收入阶段农村消费升级的共性特征和经验。通过国际比较发现,中国农村消费升级与收入提升的同步情况、农村消费升级的路径与进程,与发达国家存在显著差异。面对中国农村消费升级经济基础较为薄弱;乡村工业发展的有效投入不足,限制农民消费能力提升;农村服务消费的市场化程度不高等挑战,借鉴国际经验,结合国际比较,提出深化农业支持政策和乡村工业发展,促进农民增收;完善农村服务消费体系,适应服务消费升级趋势;大力推进乡村振兴发展,改善农村消费生活环境;提升供给体系对农村品质化和个性化需求的适配性等促进农村消费升级的中国方案,补齐建设强大国内市场的农村消费短板,助力构建以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局。

From the perspective of three typical developed countries,the United States,Japan and the Republic of Korea,this paper summarizes the common characteristics and experiences of rural consumption upgrading in the higher-income stage.Through international comparisons,it is found that there are significant differences between China and developed countries in rural consumption upgrading and income upgrading,and the path and process of rural consumption upgrading.In the face of the following challenges:relatively weak economic foundation of China’s rural consumption upgrading,insufficient supply of effective investment in rural industrial development,which limits the improvement of farmers’consumption capacity,and the low degree of marketization of rural service consumption,we can draw on international experience and combine international comparisons,so as to propose policies for deepening agricultural support and development.The development of rural industries will promote the increase of farmers’income and improve the rural service consumption system to adapt to the trend of service consumption upgrading.We should vigorously promote rural revitalization and development,improve the living environment of rural consumers,improve the adaptability of the supply system to rural quality and individual needs,etc.to promote the application of Chinese plan for consumption upgrading in rural areas,which will make up for the shortcomings of rural consumption in building a strong domestic market,and help build a new development pattern with the domestic circulation as the main body and the dual circulations(domestic and international)supporting each other.