太阳能驱动的界面式蒸发淡化装置设计

Design of Solar-Driven Interfacial Seawater Desalination Device

针对多种突发状况下人员淡水的获取问题,设计了一种小型的界面蒸发式海水淡化与收集装置,该装置使用太阳能作为蒸发热源,具备独立的界面蒸发、冷却、储存与收集蒸馏水的能力。在结构上设计了过滤网状栅格和漏斗式沉淀仓,可实现水质的双重过滤;设计了漏斗状双层冷凝通道,利用海水的内/外循环实现了蒸发水汽的快速冷凝;设计了负压式集水装置,可自动高效地收集的蒸馏水,并提供密封环境实现淡化水的长期储存。相比传统淡化技术,整体结构紧凑、体积小、操作简单、成本投入少、无需耗费外部能源,在沿海小岛、作业渔船、海上求生或抢险等场景具有广泛的应用价值。

A small interfacial evaporative desalination and collection device is designed to solve the problem of obtaining fresh water for personnel under a variety of unexpected conditions.The device uses solar energy as the evaporative heat source and has the function of independent interface evaporation,colling,storage and the collection of distilled water.The structure is designed with a filter mesh grid and a funnel-type sedimentation chamber to realize the double filtration of water quality.And a funnel-shaped double-layer condensation channel is designed to realize the efficient and rapid condensation of evaporated water vapor through the internal and external circulation of seawater.Besides,a negative pressure water collection device is designed to realize the automatic and efficient collection of stored distilled water and provide a sealed environment to realize the long-term storage of desalinated water.Compared with traditional desalination technology,the as-designed structure has the advantages of compact and small structure,simple operation,low cost and no extra energy consumption,and has wide application in scenarios such as coastal islands,operating fishing boats,offshore survival or rescue.