面向流域水工程防灾联合智能调度的数字孪生长江探索

Development of the digital twin Changjiang River with the pilot system of joint and intelligent regulation of water projects for flood management

数字孪生流域是在融合流域空间、气象、水文、工情、经济等多源信息的数字底板基础上,耦合基于物理机理的气象、水文、水力、水环境等专业数学模型,结合基于数据驱动的机器学习、知识图谱等技术,构建流域自然要素与管理业务之间的响应关系,实现流域在水流、信息流、业务流、价值流的全过程实时镜像,为流域管理和高质量发展提供技术支持。本文以长江流域防洪应用为例,以实现流域模拟、预报预警、水工程智能调度、防洪风险评估、系统构建等功能为目标,阐述了数字孪生长江建设的总体架构,探索了数据建设、算力建设、智能建设、平台建设等数字孪生流域构建关键技术。研究成果在数字孪生长江建设中得到应用,实现了洪水预报、预警、预演、预案以及工程智能调度全过程模拟,为精准应对2020年流域性大洪水提供了技术支持,为数字孪生流域建设提供了技术示范和经验借鉴。

The digital twin river is an inter-response relationship constructed between natural and management elements of a river,which is developed based on data-platform that integrates multi-source information such as spatial data,meteorological,hydrological,environmental data etc.,using hybrid models that coupling physically-based mathematical models with data-driven approaches such as machine learning and knowledge graph,to realize the real-time mirroring of the whole process of water flow,information flow,application flow and value flow of the river,therefore to provide technical support for river management and the high-quality development of the river basin.Taking the application of flood management in the Changjiang River Basin as an example,aiming to realize the functionalities of river simulation,forecast and early warning,intelligent water engineering regulation,dynamic flood risk assessment,and system construction,the paper presents the framework for developing the digital twin river and its key technologies including the construction of data,models,intelligence and platform.The research results have been applied in the construction of the digital twin Changjiang River,and has obtained the complete processes for the intelligent regulation of engineering works for flood management,including“flood forecasting-early warning-rehearsals-pre-planning”,and has provided technical support in 2020 the basin-scale flood management.The research results can provide demonstration and experience reference for the construction of digital twin river.