福沙匹坦双葡甲胺联合5-HT3拮抗剂及地塞米松预防高致吐化疗药物所致恶心呕吐的疗效及安全性

Efficacy and safety of fosaprepitant dimeglumine combined with 5-HT3 antagonist and dexamethasone in preventing nausea and vomiting caused by highly emetic chemotherapeutic drugs

目的探讨福沙匹坦双葡甲胺联合5-HT3拮抗剂及地塞米松预防高致吐化疗药物所致恶心呕吐的疗效及安全性。方法选取2020年1月至2021年1月本院肿瘤科收治的使用高致吐化疗药物的肿瘤患者60例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为两组,每组30例。对照组予以5-HT3拮抗剂联合地塞米松治疗,观察组予以福沙匹坦双葡甲胺联合5-HT3拮抗剂及地塞米松治疗。比较两组化疗所致恶心呕吐(CINV)预防疗效、生活功能指数(FLIE)评分及呕吐控制时间、不良反应发生率。结果观察组预防CINV总有效率为86.67%,高于对照组的63.33%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组FLIE评分高于对照组,呕吐控制时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组用药期间药物不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义。结论福沙匹坦双葡甲胺联合5-HT3拮抗剂及地塞米松可有效预防高致吐化疗药物所致的恶心呕吐,且安全性较高。

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of fosaprepitant dimeglumine combined with 5-HT3 antagonist and dexamethasone in preventing nausea and vomiting caused by highly emetic chemotherapeutic drugs.Methods 60 tumor patients who were treated with highly emetogenic chemotherapy drugs in the Department of Oncology of our hospital from January 2020 to January 2021 were selected as the research subjects,and divided into two groups according to the random number table method,with 30 cases in each group.The control group was treated with 5-HT3 antagonist combined with dexamethasone,and the observation group was treated with fosaprepitant dimeglumine combined with 5-HT3 antagonist and dexamethasone.The preventive effect of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting(CINV),functional living index-emesis(FLIE)score,vomiting control time,and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate of CINV prevention in the observation group was 86.67%,which was higher than 63.33%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The FLIE score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the vomiting control time was shorter than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse drug reactions between the two groups during the treatment period.Conclusion Fosaprepitant dimeglumine combined with 5-HT3 antagonist and dexamethasone can effectively prevent nausea and vomiting caused by highly emetic chemotherapeutic drugs,and the safety is high.