肝硬化食管胃静脉曲张再出血相关因素研究进展

Progress in research of factors associated with esophageal and gastric variceal rebleeding in cirrhosis

肝硬化食管胃静脉曲张再出血是食管胃静脉曲张出血患者二级预防的重点,其能显著增加患者死亡风险,严重影响肝硬化患者的预后.目前临床上不仅关注于影响肝硬化食管胃静脉曲张首次出血及其预后的相关因素,对再出血相关因素分析总结也是关注的重点内容,本文旨在从临床资料出发归纳总结肝硬化食管胃静脉曲张患者流行病学、实验室指标、内镜及影像学、常用评分系统等方面对再出血的影响,从而有助于临床医生制定个体化治疗方案和预防策略,降低再出血率及病死率,改善患者预后.

Rebleeding of esophageal varices in cirrhosis is the focus of secondary prevention in patients with esophageal varices,which can significantly increase the risk of death and seriously affect the prognosis of patients with cirrhosis.At present,clinical focus is not only on the factors affecting the first bleeding and prognosis of esophageal and gastric varices in cirrhosis,but also on the analysis and summary of the factors related to rebleeding.This paper will summarize the impact of epidemiological and laboratory indexes,endoscopy and imaging,and common scoring systems on rebleeding in liver cirrhosis patients with esophageal varices,with an aim to help clinicians formulate individualized treatment plans and preventive strategies,reduce rebleeding rate and fatality rate,and improve patient prognosis.