开放情境下企业技术创新路径研究——基于知识搜寻视角的双案例分析

Path of Enterprise Technological Innovation in an Open Innovation Context—A Comparative Case Analysis from the Knowledge Search Perspective

在开放式创新的实践背景下,知识搜寻对于企业技术创新的重要性日趋显著,文章基于探索性案例研究,结合扎根理论研究方法,对企业实施开放式创新时所采用的知识搜寻行为及其对企业技术创新的影响机制进行研究。基于开放式创新与组织搜寻理论,以华为和海尔两家典型性企业为例,通过单案例分析和双案例比较,阐述了企业在实施开放式创新的过程中所选择的知识搜寻战略,及其创新效应的作用机制。研究发现,企业的知识搜寻行为贯穿于开放式创新实践始终,在不同创新阶段的偏重有所差异;知识搜寻行为可以为企业带来互补性和异质性的知识资源,是影响技术创新绩效的重要因素;现有知识基础为知识的整合提供了保障,知识深度可以为搜寻提供见解和引导,知识宽度可以为创新元素的重构提供更多的机会;政治环境的影响机制有待深入挖掘。

In the context of open innovation,the importance of knowledge search is becoming more and more significant for enterprise technological innovation.Combined with grounded theoretical research methods,this article adopts exploratory case studies to investigate the affecting mechanism of knowledge search behavior and its influence on innovation.Based on the theory of open innovation and organizational search,this study takes Huawei and Haier as typical examples to analyze the knowledge search strategy chosen by the enterprise in the process of implementing open innovation and the mechanism of innovation effect through single case analysis and double case comparison.This paper found that:firstly,the knowledge search behavior runs throughout the practice of open innovation,and the emphasis is different in different innovation stages.Secondly,knowledge search behavior is an important factor affecting the technological innovation performance,which can bring complementary and heterogeneous knowledge resources to the enterprise.Thirdly,knowledge search behavior can bring complementary and heterogeneous knowledge resources to enterprises,which is an important factor affecting the performance of technological innovation.Thirdly,the existing knowledge base provides a guarantee for the integration of knowledge,the depth of knowledge can provide insights and guidance for search,and the width of knowledge can provide more opportunities for the reconstruction of innovative elements;Finally,the influence mechanism of political environment needs to be deeply explored.