单中心20年4068例口腔鳞状细胞癌发病状况的回顾性研究

A retrospective study on the status of 4,068 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma in a single center over 20 years

目的:对单中心20年来收治的口腔鳞状细胞癌患者的发病情况及构成特点进行统计分析,为疾病的预防和早期诊断提供指导和帮助。方法:收集2001—2020年在广西医科大学附属口腔医院诊治,并经病理确诊的口腔鳞状细胞癌病例资料进行回顾性研究。结果:纳入病例4068例,其中男2647例,女1421例,男女性别比为1.86∶1,女性患者平均确诊年龄为(58.07±13.72)岁,男性为(56.63±12.74)岁;50~69岁为口腔鳞状细胞癌的好发年龄段;唇癌、牙龈癌、硬腭癌、颊癌在≥60岁年龄组多见,而舌癌、口底癌则多见于<60岁年龄组;男性患者病变部位的前3位为舌(45.5%)、牙龈(16.2%)、口底(14.2%),女性患者病变部位的前3位为舌(57.5%)、牙龈(16.8%)、颊部(15.6%)。近20年口腔鳞状细胞癌的确诊例数呈逐年递增趋势。结论:近20年广西地区罹患口腔鳞状细胞癌患者的好发年龄段较过去推迟近10年,舌癌、口底癌表现出年轻化的倾向。

Objective:To statistically analyze the incidence and distribution characteristics of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma admitted to a single center over 20 years,and to provide guidance and assistance for the prevention and early diagnosis of the disease.Methods:The data of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma treated at the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from 2001 to 2020 and confirmed by pathology were collected for a retrospective study.Results:A total of 4,068 cases were included,including 2,647 males and 1,421 females,with a male-to-female sex ratio of 1.86:1.The mean age of diagnosis was58.07±13.72 years for female patients and 56.63±12.74 years for males;individuals between 50 and 69 years old were the most vulnerable population for oral squamous cell carcinoma;lip,gingival,hard palate,and buccal carcinomas were more common in the age group of≥60 years,while tongue and floor of mouth carcinomas were more common in the age group of<60 years;the top 3 lesion sites in male patients were tongue(45.5%),gingiva(16.2%),and floor of mouth(14.2%),while the top 3 lesion sites in female patients were tongue(57.5%),gingiva(16.8%),and the buccal region(15.6%).The number of diagnosed cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma in the last 20 years showed an increasing trend year by year.Conclusion:The most involved age group for oral squamous cell carcinoma in Guangxi in the past 20 years is older by nearly 10 years compared with that in the past,and tongue and floor of mouth carcinomas show a tendency to occur to a younger population.