多中心合作:农村公共服务供给机制建构——台湾地区村(里)公共服务供给实践启示

Multi-Centered Cooperation:The Mechanism Construction of Rural Public Service Supply:Implications for Practice of Public Service in Villages in Taiwan Region

多中心合作是以达成信任为前提,以开展协商为方式,以提供服务为目标。规则、协商、主体公共价值理性构成多中心合作机制的三个方面。以多中心合作分析框架剖析台湾地区基层村(里)的公共服务供给实践,研究发现:村级组织负责人是协调行政部门、社会组织和村(里)民等多元主体合作的“中枢”;“硬规则”和“软规则”结合可以更有效地约束主体行为;行政部门和社会民众之间的对话平台有助于民众及时、准确地反映诉求;多元主体发挥公共价值理性,合作供给公共服务。大陆应充分发挥党的领导优势,逐步转变政府角色以拓展村级组织“对下负责”的空间,强化规则作用为多元主体互信提供保障,构建制度化协商平台精准衔接供需,“以私育公”涵育民众公共价值理性,以进一步优化农村公共服务供给。

Multi-centered cooperation takes trust as the premise,negotiation as the method,and service delivery as the goal.Rules,negotiation,and rationality of subject public value constitute three aspects of the multi-centered cooperation mechanism.Using the multi-centered cooperation analysis framework to analyze the practice of public service supply in Taiwan’s grassroots villages,the research found that the person in charge of the village-level organization is the“hub”for coordinating the cooperation of multiple subjects such as administrative departments,social organizations,and local residents.The combination of“hard rules”and“soft rules”can more effectively constrain subject behavior.A dialogue platform between the administrative department and the public helps the public to reflect their demands in a timely and accurate manner.Multiple subjects give full play to public value and rationally cooperate to provide public services.The mainland should give full play to the advantages of the Party’s leadership,gradually change the role of the government and expand the space for village-level organizations to be“responsible to the bottom”,strengthen the role of rules and provide a guarantee for the mutual trust of multiple subjects,build an institutionalized negotiation platform and precisely connect supply and demand,“train the public by the private”and cultivate the public people public value rationality,so as to further optimize the supply of rural public services.