2017年云南省居民伤害死亡流行特征分析

Epidemiological Characteristics of Injury Mortalities in Yunnan Province, 2017

目的分析2017年云南省居民伤害死亡的水平和分布特点,为制定云南省伤害防控措施提供参考。方法基于云南省死因监测数据,计算伤害死亡率、标化死亡率、死亡构成比、过早死亡寿命损失年(years of life lost,YLL)等指标,描述云南省伤害死亡在人群、地区和时间的分布特点。结果2017年云南省估计伤害死亡数为35364人,占总死亡人数的10.52%,是云南省居民第五位死亡原因;估计云南省伤害YLL为145万人年,占全死因YLL的17.48%;云南省伤害死亡率为74.12/10万,标化死亡率为77.71/10万。男性(101.96/10万)高于女性(44.77/10万),农村(82.83/10万)高于城市(62.16/10万),伤害死亡率最高的县区(怒江州兰坪县176.96/10万)是死亡率最低县区(昆明市五华区18.42/10万)的9.6倍。随年龄增长伤害死亡率升高,而伤害死亡占全死因的比例随年龄增长呈现倒U型分布,5~29岁年龄组伤害死亡占比最高,超过50%。全省前五位伤害死亡原因是机动车辆交通事故(占27.91%)、意外跌落(25.85%)、自杀(14.71%)、意外中毒(11.62%)和溺水(6.32%)。不同年龄组伤害死亡谱不同,0-14岁第一位伤害死亡原因是溺水;15-64岁第一位伤害死亡原因是机动车辆交通事故;65岁及以上第一位伤害死亡原因是意外跌落。结论云南省伤害死亡疾病负担较重,性别、年龄、地区差异明显,云南省伤害防控应重点关注伤害高发地区(地形以高山、峡谷、山地为主的地区)和高发人群(男性、老年人),针对不同年龄段的主要伤害类型采取有针对性的防控策略。

Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics and burdens of injury mortalitiesy in Yunnan Province during2017 and to provide scientific base for preventing and controlling injury mortalitiesiesy. Methods Death cases were collected from the Provincial Death Surveillance System. The mortality, age-standardized mortality, proportion and years of life lost(YLL) were calculated by sex, age and area. Results In 2017, about 35 364 deaths which were caused by injuries occurred,accounting for 10.52% of total deaths. Thus, injury was the fifth leading cause of death. The total YLLs due to injuries were 1.45 million-person-years, accounting for 17.48% of total YLLs. Injury mortality and age-standardized mortality were74. 12 per 100000 and 77.71 per 100000, respectively. And the injury mortality in men was much higher than that in female(101.96 per 100000 versus 44.77 per 100000), and that of rural was higher than urban(82.83 per 100000 versus 62.16 per 100000). The county with the highest injury mortality was Lanping(176.96/105), which was 9.6 times higher than that of the lowest city(Wuhua District, 18.42/105). With the increase of age, the injury mortalities increased, but the proportion of injury to death showed an inverted U-shaped distribution, with the injury mortality accounted for more than50% in the group of 5-25 years old. The top five causes of injury mortalities were traffic accidents(27.91%), falls(25.85%), suicides(14.71%), poisonings(11.62%) and drownings(6.32%). However, the main injury types differed among age groups. The main type of injuries was drowning in age group 0-14, and traffic accidents in age group 15-64, falls in65 years and above. Conclusions The burden of injury was huge in the Yunnan province and there were significant variations in different residents and areas. More attention should therefore be paid to the aeras and residents with the highest injury mortality, and to target prevention and control strategies for the main types of injuries in different age groups.