朕、賸、媵分化层次及相关字词关系研究

Study on the Level of Differentiation of“Zhen”(朕),“Sheng”(賸)and“Ying”(媵)and the Relationship Between Several Relevant Glyphs and Words

出土文献字词关系错综复杂是字词关系处于调适阶段的一个明显特征,而汉字分化现象是字词关系调适的突出表现之一。构形和功能是判定汉字分化关系的最重要标准,然而仅依据静态的理论分析,是难以解释复杂的语言文字事实的,因此,结合动态的历史演变过程及地域分布对汉字予以全方位的考量,既有利于为汉字的分化关系提供确证,也有利于昭示汉字分化的历史层次。“朕”组字的字词关系较为典型,是彰显从静态分析与动态考察相结合的视角进行汉字分化研究的生动示例。

The relationship between glyphs and words in excavated documents is complex,which is an obvious characteristic of the relationship between glyphs and words in the stage of adjustment.One of the prominent manifestations of the adjustment of glyph-word relationship is the differentiation of Chinese characters.To judge the differentiation of Chinese characters,the most important criteria are configuration and function.However,it is difficult to solve complex linguistic facts based only on static theoretical analysis mentioned above.Therefore,it is necessary to combine the dynamic historical evolution process with the investigation of geographical distribution for all-round consideration of Chinese characters,which is conducive not only to the confirmation of differentiation of Chinese characters,but also to revealing the historical level of Chinese characters’differentiation.The group of glyphs related to“zhen”(朕)perfectly reveal the above phenomenon,which is a vivid example of the research on the differentiation of Chinese characters from the perspective of combining static analysis and dynamic investigation.