自养型铁驱动生物脱氮技术研究进展

Autotrophic Iron-driven Biological Nitrogen Removal Technologies:Recent Advance

生物脱氮具有成本低、运行高效的特点,有效保护了水质环境。水圈微生物驱动下铁-氮循环研究对开发自养型生物脱氮技术具有重要意义。文章从铁循环的角度,介绍了厌氧铁氨氧化,亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐依赖型铁自养反硝化技术,并提出铁驱动生物脱氮(FeDBNR)概念:即利用Fe(Ⅲ)氧化氨氮,同时利用产生的Fe(Ⅱ)作为电子供体还原硝酸盐氮,生成N_(2)。具有减少碳源消耗、避免二次污染、循环利用铁元素等优势。重点介绍了FeDBNR的反应机理、微生物种类、影响因素和优势,对该技术在未来污水生物处理中的应用进行了展望。

Biological nitrogen removal has the characteristics of low cost and efficient operation,and effectively protects the water quality environment.The research of iron-nitrogen cycle driven by hydrosphere microorganisms is of great significance for the development of autotrophic biological nitrogen removal technology.From the perspective of the iron cycle,anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupled to iron reduction(Feammox),nitrite and nitrate-dependent iron autotrophic denitrification(IAD)technologies are introduced,and proposes Fe-driven biological nitrogen removal(FeDBNR)concept,that is,using Fe(Ⅲ)to oxidize ammonia nitrogen,while using the produced Fe(Ⅱ)as an electron donor to reduce nitrate nitrogen to generate N_(2).It has the advantages of reducing carbon source consumption、avoiding secondary pollution,recycling iron.The reaction mechanism of FeDBNR,the types of microorganisms,influencing factors and advantages are mainly introduced,and the application of the technology in the biological treatment of sewage in the future is prospected.