中国经济高质量发展水平测度及驱动因素分析

Measurement and Driving Factor Analysis of High-quality Economic Development Level in China

提高经济效率是中国经济实现高质量发展的关键途径。文章构建考虑非期望产出的SBM模型和Malmquist生产率指数模型,测算了中国30个省份2000—2019年的经济效率值,发现各区域呈东、中、西递减的分布格局。通过对全要素生产率进行分解,发现技术进步是全要素生产率增长的主导因素。为了深入分析影响中国经济高质量发展的驱动因素,在测算经济效率的基础上,运用面板Tobit模型进行实证分析。实证结果显示,产业结构、创新驱动、对外开放对提高经济效率具有正向作用,而经济发展、绿色环保、公平共享在一定程度上抑制了经济效率的提高。只有经济发展与绿色环保协调兼顾,实现资源的合理配置,才能推动经济高质量发展。

Improving economic efficiency is a key way for China to achieve high-quality economic development. This paper constructs the SBM model and Malmquist productivity index model considering the unexpected output, and then calculates the economic efficiency of 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2019, finding that each region presents a distribution pattern of declining from the east to the middle to the west. The decomposition of total factor productivity(TFP) finds that technological progress is the leading factor of TFP growth. In order to deeply analyze the driving factors affecting the high-quality economic development in China, the panel Tobit model is used for empirical analysis on the basis of measuring economic efficiency. The empirical results show that industrial structure, innovation-driven and opening to the outside world have positive effects on improving economic efficiency, while economic development, green environmental protection and fair sharing inhibit the improvement of economic efficiency to a certain extent. Only by balancing economic development with environmental protection and realizing reasonable allocation of resources can high-quality economic development be promoted.