生态胁迫促进道地药材质量形成机制与质量评价思路

Mechanism of ecological stress enhancing quality of genuine medicinal materials and its quality evaluation idea

道地药材以优质而著称,其质量受环境影响较大。中药材由野生转为栽培,导致药材质量下降。药材质量的科学评价是中药产业的基石和传统中医药健康发展的保证,然而中药含有大量不同功效成分和功效相同的多种成分,难以评价质量。根据人体与植物的异同点,对道地药材质量形成机制、道地药材质量复杂性的本质原因以及目前评价药材质量的方法的局限性进行了论述。植物次生代谢产物通常是药材的活性成分,指出其生态作用与药理作用密切相关。道地药材质量评价应选择在人体内相对稳定的成分,以高含量成分与具有代表性的高活性成分相结合的“双高”作为质量标志物(Q-Marker)可更加客观评价道地药材的质量。

The genuine medicinal materials has a reputation for excellent quality,which is greatly affected by special ecological environment.The cultivated Chinese herbal medicine has substituted for the wild resources,resulting in the decline of quality.Accurate and objective quality evaluation is the foundation for Chinese medicine industry and the guarantee for the healthy development of traditional Chinese medicine,but it is difficult to evaluate the quality of Chinese herbal medicine because of plenty of chemical components with different or similar effects.In this paper,based on the similarities and differences between human body and plants,the mechanism of genuine medicinal materials quality formation,nature of active components complexity,and limitations of extant evaluation criterion were analyzed.The secondary metabolites in plants are commonly active components,whose ecology action were closely linked to pharmacological activities.The combination of high-content components with high stabilization and high-activity components can be used as indicators of quality evaluation of genuine medicinal materials.