雪域白鸡群体中PMEL17基因多态性分析

Polymorphism analysis of PMEL17 gene in snowy white chicken population

为了研究前黑色素小体蛋白17(pre-melanosomal protein 17,PMEL17)基因第10外显子上有关显性白羽突变的基因频率和基因型频率在雪域白鸡群体中的分布情况,试验采用PCR-RFLP方法分析基因型,利用POPGENE 1.32软件计算基因型和基因频率,用SPSS 20.0软件进行哈代-温伯格平衡适合性检验。结果表明:雪域白鸡群体中PMEL17基因有Ⅱ、Ii和ii 3种基因型,基因型频率分别为91.58%、7.37%、1.05%,Ⅰ和i等位基因频率分别为95.27%和4.73%。雪域白鸡群体内PMEL17基因BsrB酶切基因型分布不符合哈代-温伯格平衡状态(P<0.05),这可能与经历人工选择有关。说明雪域白鸡群体中Ⅱ基因型个体已占主导,但仍存在其他羽色个体,可通过分子标记辅助选择育种技术剔除ii及Ii基因型个体来提高群体羽色均一性,还可组建有色羽纯合群体以增加收益。

In order to study the distribution of gene and genotype frequencies of dominant white feather mutations on exon 10 of pre-melanoso-mal protein 17(PMEL17) gene in snowy white chicken populations PCR-RFLP method was used to study the genotypes. POGENE 1.32 software was used to calculate the genotype and gene frequency, and SPSS 20.0 software was used for Hardy-Weinberg balance suitability test. The results showed that there were three genotypes of PMEL17 gene in the snowy white chicken population: Ⅱ, Ii and ii. The genotype frequencies were 91.58%, 7.37%, and 1.05%, and the I and i gene frequencies were 95.27% and 4.73%. The BsrB restriction digestion genotype of PMEL17 gene in the snowy white chicken population does not conform to Hardy-Weinberg balance state. which may be related to the artificial selection breeding. The results indicated that the Ⅱ genotype individuals were dominant in the snowy white chicken population, but there are still individuals with different feather colors. The homogeneity of population feather color can be improved by eliminating individuals with Ⅱ and Ⅱ genotypes by molecular marker assisted selection technology, and the homozygous population of colored feather can be established to increase the income.