福建省10地区居民高血压患病、知晓、治疗和控制情况分析

Morbidity,awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of hypertension in residents of ten areas in Fujian Province

目的了解福建省10地区35~75岁居民高血压患病、知晓、治疗和控制情况,为高血压防控提供科学依据。方法于2017—2020年,采用方便抽样的方法抽取福建省10地区120739名35~75岁居民进行问卷调查、体格测量和实验室检测,分析不同特征人群高血压患病、知晓、治疗和控制情况。采用SPSS 18.0统计软件进行χ;检验、趋势性χ;检验和多因素非条件logistic回归分析。结果120739名调查对象中,高血压患者55999例,高血压患病率为46.4%(标化率为36.7%)。男性高血压患病率(49.3%)高于女性(44.4%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为59.3%、50.2%和20.2%(标化率分别为52.8%、42.8%和17.3%),且随着年龄增长均呈上升趋势(P<0.01)。多因素非条件logistic回归分析显示,高龄(OR为1.58~11.93)、饮酒(OR=1.43,95%CI:1.37~1.49)、超重或肥胖(OR=2.21,95%CI:2.16~2.27)、患糖尿病(OR=1.95,95%CI:1.89~2.02)和血脂异常(OR=1.36,95%CI:1.31~1.41)的调查对象高血压患病风险较高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。高血压患者中,高龄、城市居民、高中及以上学历、患糖尿病和血脂异常者知晓、治疗和控制情况较好,饮酒者知晓、治疗和控制情况较差,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论福建省10地区高血压患病率较高,知晓率、治疗率和控制率较低,应进一步采取综合措施,加强对男性、饮酒、超重或肥胖、患糖尿病、血脂异常人群的针对性干预。

Objective To understand the morbidity,awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of hypertension in residents(35-75 years old)of ten areas in Fujian Province,and provide the scientific basis for prevention and control of hypertension.Methods From 2017 to 2020,the convenient sampling method was used to select 120739 residents(35-75 years old)from ten areas of Fujian Province as the subjects.The investigation was performed with questionnaire,physical examination and laboratory tests to analyze the morbidity,awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of hypertension among residents with different characteristics.Theχ;test,trendχ;test and unconditional multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data.The used software was SPSS 18.0.Results Among 120739 subjects,55999 suffered from hypertension,the morbidity of hypertension was 46.4%(standardized rate:36.7%).The hypertension morbidity(49.3%)in males was significantly higher than that(44.4%)in females,P<0.01.The awareness,treatment,and control rates of hypertension were 59.3%,50.2%and 20.2%(standardized rates:52.8%,42.8%and 17.3%),respectively;and increased with age(P<0.01).The unconditional multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that older age(OR values were 1.58-11.93),drinking(OR=1.43,95%CI:1.37-1.49),overweight or obese(OR=2.21,95%CI:2.16-2.27),diabetes(OR=1.95,95%CI:1.89-2.02)and dyslipidemia(OR=1.36,95%CI:1.31-1.41)were high risk factors of hypertension(P<0.01).Among the hypertensive patients,older age,urban residents,higher education level(≥high school level),diabetes and dyslipidemia had better awareness,treatment,and control rates;but the awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate in drinkers were lower(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion The hypertension morbidity is higher,but the awareness,treatment and control rates are lower in 10 areas of Fujian Province.The comprehensive measures should be taken to strengthen the targeted intervention for males,drinkers,overweight or obese residents,residents with diabetics and dyslipidemia.