排放限制下考虑风浪的邮轮航速研究

Research on cruise ship speed considering windand wave under emission limits

为缓解邮轮公司面临的通航限制和燃油价格不断攀升带来的成本压力,在考虑风浪气象条件的制约以及各港口到港时间限制的基础上,根据船舶航行中速度与油耗之间的关系,建立以船舶燃油消耗成本和碳税成本总和最小为目标函数的混合整数非线性模型,对邮轮的航速进行优化求解.结果表明:邮轮航速在风浪影响下的增减幅度与邮轮本身的航速、风向、风速、风舷角、波向角有关;且风浪干扰力与风舷角之间有着密切的关系.在考虑碳税成本时,排放控制区航段的航速会增大,在非排放控制区航段其航速一般会减小.通过对同一条航线上不同邮轮的优化结果对比分析,验证了模型具有较好的适用性.该数学模型可以计算出不同风、浪条件下的各个邮轮航段的最优航速,可为邮轮公司的决策运营提供理论支持.

In order to alleviate the navigation restrictions faced by cruise companies and the cost pressure caused by rising fuel prices,the restrictions of wind and wave weather conditions and the arrival time of each port are considered.According to the relationship between ship speed and fuel consumption during navigation,a mixed-integer nonlinear model with the minimum sum of fuel consumption cost and carbon tax cost as the objective function is established to optimize the cruise ship speed.The results indicate that the increase and decrease of cruise ship speed under the influence of wind and waves are related to the cruise ship′s speed,wind direction,wind speed,wind side angle,and wave direction angle.There is a close relationship between the disturbance of wind and wave and wind side angle.When the cost of carbon tax is considered,the speed of the section in the emission control area increases,and the speed of the section in the non-emission control area generally decreases.The optimization results of different cruise ships on the same route are compared and analyzed,and it is verified that the model has good applicability.The mathematical model can calculate the optimal speed of each cruise segment under different wind and wave conditions,and can provide theoretical support for the decision-making and operation of the cruise companies.