仿荷叶脉络薄壁管耐撞性能研究

Research on crashworthiness of thin-walled tubes imitating lotus leaf vein

为了提高金属薄壁管的耐撞性能,选择荷叶脉络为生物原型,设计出一种具有叶脉分支特征的薄壁结构,仿生薄壁结构(bionic thin-walled structure,BTS).基于非线性动力学软件ABAQUS研究了BTS三点弯曲下的耐撞性能,建立BTS的数值仿真模型,并验证仿真模型的有效性.将BTS与传统的薄壁结构进行了对比分析,探究了BTS结构参数、冲击速度和壁厚对其耐撞性能的影响,并对BTS进行了截面变厚度优化设计.研究结果表明:冲击速度、比值γ、主干数目N对BTS的耐撞性有着重要影响;截面变厚度优化设计可以有效提高BTS的能量吸收效率,并改善其耐撞性能,最优厚度的BTS的能量吸收效率比传统的薄壁管高49.5%.因此,受生物启发的设计和研究结果可为吸能元件的发展提供参考.

In order to improve the crashworthiness of the metal thin-walled tube,the lotus leaf vein was selected as the biological prototype,and a thin-walled structure with the characteristics of leaf vein branching,bionic thin-walled structure(BTS),was designed.Based on the nonlinear dynamic software ABAQUS,the crashworthiness of the BTS under three-point bending is studied.A numerical simulation model of BTS is established,and the validity of the simulation model is verified.The BTS and the traditional thin-walled structure were compared and analyzed,and the influence of the BTS structure parameters,impact speed and wall thickness on its crashworthiness was explored.The cross-section variable thickness optimization design of the BTS was carried out.The research results show that,impact velocity,ratioγ,and number of backbones N have an important influence on the crashworthiness of BTS;the optimized design of cross-section variable thickness can effectively improve the energy absorption efficiency of BTS and improve its crashworthiness.The optimal thickness of BTS of the energy absorption efficiency is 49.5%higher than that of traditional thin-walled tubes.Therefore,the current bio-inspired design and research results can provide references for the development of energy-absorbing elements.