中学生自伤、自杀意念的“双高”与“双低”模式:基于潜剖面分析方法

The“Double high”and“Double low”Patterns of Secondary School Students'Self-injury and Suicidal Ideation:Based on Latent Profile Analysis

当下中学生自伤、自杀意念流行率较高,本研究旨在通过个体中心方法探讨中学生自伤、自杀意念的模式与关联因素。选取初高中生843人,调查了自伤行为、自杀意念与预测因素,进行潜剖面探索和Logistic回归。结果发现:(1)中学生自伤-自杀意念存在两个亚组,分别为“低自伤-低自杀意念组”(双低组)和“高自伤-高自杀意念组”(双高组),占比为89.32%和10.68%;(2)多因素Logistic回归表明睡眠质量不良、经验性回避和负性情绪是中学生自伤-自杀意念潜在类别的危险因素。本研究补充了中学生自伤、自杀意念有关研究,明确了中学生自伤-自杀意念的两种模式及其影响因素,为后续干预工作提供了实证支持。

In view of high prevalence of self-injury and suicidal ideation among secondary school students today,the current study aims to explore thepattern of self-injury and suicidal ideation and related factors through the individual-centered approach.A total of 843 secondary school students were investigated with self-injury,suicidal ideation and potential predictors.We applied latent profile analysis and logistic regression.The results revealed that(1)there were two subgroups of secondary school students:low self-injury/low suicidal ideation subgroup and high self-injury/high suicidal ideation subgroup,accounting for 89.3%and 10.7%,respectively;(2)Poor sleep quality,experiential avoidance,and negative emotions were risk factors for latent classes of self-injury and suicidal ideation among secondary school students.This study bridged the research gap in self-injury and suicidal ideation among secondary school students,clarified the two patterns of self-injury and suicidal ideation as well as related factors,and provided empirical support for the future intervention.