近代日本音乐课中的殖民主义思想——以大和田建树的《满韩铁道唱歌》为中心

Colonialism in the Songs Prevailing among Schools in the Post Meiji Period——Taking Manchurian and Korean Railroad Song as an Example

明治后期,经过中日甲午战争和日俄战争后,日本逐渐开始谋求政治大国地位,其构建东亚殖民体系的野心也日益膨胀。在小学音乐课中,这种野心以“将殖民地有关的历史、地理知识的教育与音乐教育结合”的方式被有意推动。纵观整条以音乐来进行殖民主义教育的历史脉络,其中官方认定的教科书《满韩铁道唱歌》将音乐与历史、地理等科目进行结合,对日本殖民扩张的野心有着充分且综合的展示。对其采用文献研究后,可得知《满韩铁道唱歌》在为日本谋求殖民扩张的合理性的同时,也宣传所谓的“富饶”景象。作为结论,《满韩铁道唱歌》的最终意图是诱导日本小学生对殖民意识的认同感与参与殖民建设的渴望。进而能够反映当局有意将殖民意识的强化融入小学音乐教育甚至其他学科教育的意图。

In the late Meiji period,after the First Sino-Japanese War and the Russo-Japanese War,Japan gradually aspired for international political power,which hastened the expansion of its ambition to construct a colonial system in East Asia.In the songs prevailing among primary schools,the ambition was embodied through combining the education of historical and geographical knowledge of colonies with musical education.A survey of the historical context of colonialism via musical education reveals that the Manchurian and Korean Railroad Song,which was a textbook with official recognition and had combined musical,historical and geographical education,fully demonstrated Japan’s ambition for colonial expansion.A literature review finds that the Manchurian and Korean Railroad Song promoted an image of abundance in colonies as well as publicizing the rationality of Japanese colonization.To sum up,the ultimate intention of Manchurian and Korean Railroad Song was to create identification with colonization among Japanese pupils and arouse their desire to participate in colonial construction.It also reveals the desire of the Japanese authority to instill colonialism in the singing or other disciplines in primary education.