多房棘球蚴病中免疫细胞调控机制的研究进展

Research progress on the immune regulation mechanism in alveolar echinococcosis

多房棘球蚴病(AE)是一类广泛分布于全世界并严重危害人类生产生活的人兽共患寄生虫病,人类AE常因误食多房棘球绦虫的虫卵而被感染所致,我国是AE流行高发国家之一。AE的病变部位通常在肝脏,通过浸润性生长造成邻近肝实质损伤、纤维化及衰竭。巨噬细胞、树突状细胞及T细胞等介导的免疫应答与AE的发生发展密切相关,巨噬细胞和树突状细胞在受到多房棘球蚴刺激后功能会发生相应转变,进而改变CD4;T细胞的亚群,它们共同参与AE的免疫调节。本文从免疫细胞及相关细胞因子调控作用的角度,对AE的免疫机制作一概述,旨在为AE靶向治疗提供参考资料。

Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease that is endemic worldwide,providing high risk to public health.AE patients are often infected by accidentally eating eggs of Echinococcus multilocularis.AE is highly prevalent in many countries,including China.The most common lesion site is the liver.The invasive growth in the liver causes adjacent liver parenchymal damage,fibrosis and failure.The immune response mediated by macrophages,dendritic cells and T cells are closely related to the occurrence and development of AE.Macrophages and dendritic cells undergo changes in their functions after being stimulated by E.multilocularis,which in turn change CD4;T cell subset profiles.These cells are involved in the immune regulation of AE.This article gives an overview of the immune mechanism of AE from the regulation of immune cells and related cytokines perspective,aiming to facilitate therapies against AE.