影子教育的剧场效应研究——基于中国教育追踪调查数据分析

The Study of the Theater Effect of Shadow Education——Based on China Education Panel Survey Data Analysis

本文基于2014年和2015年中国教育追踪调查两期数据,利用多层线性贝努里模型,探究影子教育是否存在"剧场效应"及影子教育的"剧场效应"在不同社会经济地位及城乡家庭之间是否存在异质性。研究结果表明:(1)影子教育存在"剧场效应",且班级内影子教育的"剧场效应"影响更大,班级或学校同伴影子教育参与率越高,学生个体参与影子教育的概率越大。(2)影子教育的"剧场效应"在不同社会经济地位及城乡家庭之间存在异质性,影子教育的"剧场效应"对家庭社会经济地位中等或城市学生参与影子教育影响更大。因此,建议教育行政部门和学校有效落实"双减"政策,规范校外培训机构宣传内容,引导家长树立科学育儿观,理性参与影子教育,抑制影子教育的"剧场效应",以期有效减轻学生负担。

Based on the 2014 and 2015 data of China Education Panel Survey,this paper explores whether there is a “theater effect” in shadow education and whether there is heterogeneity between different socio-economic status and urban and rural families.The results show that there is a “theater effect” in shadow education:(1) The “theater effect” of shadow education in class is greater,the higher the participation rate of shadow education of class or school peers,the greater the probability of individual students participating in shadow education.(2) The “theater effect” of shadow education has heterogeneity between different socio-economic status and urban and rural families,and the “theater effect” of shadow education has a greater impact on the participation of family social and economic status in the middle or urban students in shadow education.Therefore,it is suggested that the education administrative departments and schools should effectively implement the “ease the burden of excessive homework and off-campus tutoring for students undergoing compulsory education” policy,standardize the contents of publicity of out-of-school training institutions,guide parents to establish a scientific view of child-rearing,rationally participate in shadow education,and suppress the “theater effect” of shadow education,so as to effectively reduce the burden on students.