基于轨迹数据的出租车充电站选址方法

Location Method for Electric Taxi Charging Station Based on Trajectory Data

针对目前电动汽车充电桩利用率低、充电站盈利困难的问题,提出了一种基于轨迹数据的出租车充电站选址方法。分析了出租车停留状态的轨迹数据特性,提取可支持车辆充电时长的出租车停留点。对停留点进行地图匹配,筛选掉在道路上的停留点。对非道路区域停留点进行聚类,得出多辆车停留密集区域作为充电站地点区域。分析了停留点的时间分布,以充电站区域停留点高峰时候的停留点数为参考对充电站定容。以福州市4 416辆出租车的轨迹数据为实验样本得出了16个充电站的选址方案,以司机的充电便利性与充电站的经济性进行合理性分析。结果表明:在选出的充电站中涉及了2 741辆车,可为六成以上的出租车提供非运营状态下充电,折旧期(六年)内充电站总盈利为4 316.56万元。可见,该方法既能为车主提供充电便利,又可有效保证充电站的盈利,可为电动出租车充电站建设与运营提供有效参考。

Location planning for electric taxi charging station based on the trajectory data to solve the problem of low utilization rate of electric vehicle charging piles and low profitability of charging stations is proposed. Firstly, the trajectory data characteristics of the taxi parking status are analyzed to get the taxi parking points that support the charging time of the vehicle. Secondly, it takes the map matching model to filter out the parking point on the road. Thirdly, the parking points in off-road areas are clustered, the area with lots of taxi parking point are obtained as the charging station location area. Finally, the time distribution of the taxi parking points is analyzed, and the number of points at the peak time of the points in the charging station area is used as reference to set the charging piles. The experimental data come from 4 416 taxis in Fuzhou, 16 locations are selected as charging stations, rationality analysis is made on the charging convenience of drivers and economy of charging station. The results show that the charging station contains 2 741 taxis, this means that more than 60% of taxis can be charged in a non-operating state. The total profit of the charging station during the depreciation period(six years)is 43.165 6 million that each charging station can make a profit of about two million. This method can not only provide car owners with convenience for charging, but also can effectively ensure the profitability of charging stations, it can provide effective suggestions for the construction and operation of electric taxi charging stations.