种间竞争对燕鸥繁殖生态的影响

Effect of Interspecific Competition on Breeding Ecology of Sterna hirundo

本文研究了乌屿岛粉红燕鸥、褐翅燕鸥和大凤头燕鸥的巢址选择偏好和繁殖生态,并在已有的研究基础上,探讨了新的种间竞争如何影响巢址选择和繁殖生态。结果表明:大凤头燕鸥占据了粉红燕鸥的巢址,迫使粉红燕鸥侵占褐翅燕鸥的巢区,出现粉红燕鸥和褐翅燕鸥最佳巢址重叠的现象;在大凤头燕鸥的竞争压力下,褐翅燕鸥倾向于低密度的繁殖方式,而粉红燕鸥则偏向于高密度的繁殖方式;大凤头燕鸥进入后,粉红燕鸥平均窝卵数由1.17枚增加到1.76枚,有2枚卵的巢占比由1/6增加到3/4。

This paper investigated the nest site selection preference and breeding ecology of Sterna dougallii,Sterna anaethetus and Thalasseus bergii on Wuyu Island,and explored how the new interspecific competition affected their nest site selection and breeding ecology based on existing research.The results showed that T.bergii occupied the nest site of S.dougallii,forced S.dougallii to occupy the nest area of S.anaethetus,resulting in the best nest areas of S.dougallii and S.anaethetus overlapped.Under the competitive pressure of T.bergii,S.anaethetus preferred low-density breeding,while S.dougallii preferred high-density breeding.After the entry of the T.bergii,the average number of eggs in a nest of S.dougallii increased from 1.17 to 1.76,and the proportion of nests with 2 eggs increased from 1/6 to 3/4.