论人本主义版权保护理念

On the Humanistic Approach of Copyright Protection

版权保护的财产权劳动学说与财产权人格理论兴起于人的理性价值彰显的年代,虽思辨、浪漫有余,但严密性不足;版权保护的工具主义理论则缺乏必要的价值引领。人本主义注重关照感性的具体个体的生存样态,以现实主义面向弥补了理性建构理论的不足。面对技术理性的侵蚀,人本主义在金钱至上、传媒垄断文化市场的当下仍能凸显人的价值。着眼于版权主体利益不均衡状态,人本主义版权保护理念的实现应从创作者和使用者权益入手。在具体制度设计方面,应适当提升网络平台注意义务标准,发挥集体管理组织和版税费率制定组织的作用,确立创作者合同权益的保障机制,并从作品的获取、持有与再创作三方面切入,保护使用者权益。

The labor theory and personhood perspective of property rights emerged in the age when rationality was highlighted.Speculative and romantic though,they were not discreet enough.The instrumentalism theory of copyright protection lacks requisite value guidance.Humanistic approach makes up for the deficiency of rational theories with realism as it pays attention to the perceptual and concrete individual’s living condition.Faced with erosion of technological rationality,humanism can still highlight the value of individualism when the combination of wealth and media monopolizes cultural market.Focusing on the unbalanced interests of copyright subjects,humanistic approach of copyright protection should emphasize the protection of both creators’rights and users’rights.In terms of the construction of specific legal regime,the duty of care standard of network platform should be appropriately enhanced,the role of collective management organizations and royalty rate setting organizations should be given full play,and contract adjustment mechanism should be established.Moreover,acquisition,possession and further creation are three aspects from which the enhanced protection of user’s rights should set its eyes on.