我国医疗救助兜底保障问题的实证研究

Empirical Study on the Problem of Medical Assistance System

目的:分析我国医疗救助政策是否发挥了兜底保障作用,提出优化医疗救助政策的建议。方法:以8个地区的医疗救助政策为研究对象,通过情景分析,模拟测算医疗救助政策对不同类型救助对象的兜底效果。结果:当前我国医疗救助仅承担风险保障的有限责任,与兜底功能定位不相符,医疗救助不能充分兜住底线;重特大疾病救助与医疗救助的关系不清,制度碎片化。结论:医疗救助资金有限,必须基于医疗救助的目标和功能定位,明确救助谁、救助什么以及救助到什么程度。

Objective To analyze the poverty alleviation role of medical assistance policy and to propose optimized suggestions. Methods Taking medical assistance policy in 8 regions as sample, this study adopted scenario analysis to calculate the poverty alleviation effect of medical assistance policy on different type of assisted sample. Results At present, medical assistance system took partly responsibilities for risk security, which did not match its poverty alleviation role. The relationship between catastrophic disease medical assistance and medical assistance was unclear, and the system was fragmented. Conclusion Fund for medical assistance is limited. It is necessary to clarify who needs help, what needs help, and to what extent needs help.