乳腺癌术后不同方法乳房重建的安全性研究进展

Research Progress in Safety of Different Methods of Breast Reconstruction after Breast Cancer Surgery

乳腺癌多采用手术治疗,传统乳房切除术的重点在于局部控制肿瘤和降低复发风险,但术后乳房丧失,给患者身心带来巨大影响。随着术后乳房重建越来越受到重视,乳腺癌治疗目的已逐渐转变为满足肿瘤完整切除效果的同时兼顾美学要求。即刻乳房重建的效果较好,花费少,但乳腺癌术后如需行放化疗可选择延迟乳房重建。关于乳房重建的材料可选择假体、自体组织等,用自体组织重建的乳房与真实乳房更相近。乳腺癌术后乳房重建在我国尚未普及,未来需加大宣传力度,并培养专业技术人才,以提高乳腺癌患者术后生活质量,改善心理状态。

Breast cancer is mostly treated by surgery,and the focus of traditional mastectomy is on local control and reduction of recurrence risk,but postoperative breast loss has a huge impact on the body and mind of the patients.With more and more attention paid to postoperative breast reconstruction,the purpose of treatment has gradually changed into meeting the complete tumor resection effect while taking into account the aesthetic requirements.Immediate breast reconstruction is effective and less expensive,but delayed breast reconstruction can be selected if radiotherapy and chemotherapy are needed after breast cancer surgery.Materials for breast reconstruction include prosthesis and autologous tissue,and the breast reconstructed with autologous tissue is closer to the real breast.Breast reconstruction after breast cancer surgery has not yet been popularized in China.In the future,it is necessary to increase the publicity and cultivate the professional and technical personnel so as to improve the postoperative quality of life and the psychological status of the patients.