建筑疏散楼梯设计模式对疏散效率影响研究

Influencing of design mode of the protected stairway on the evacuation efficiency in buildings

为揭示不同疏散楼梯设计模式对人员疏散的影响,构建了5类疏散场景,采用仿真模拟,对比分析了不同楼梯形式和楼梯转换平台数量与人员疏散效率的相关性。结果表明,楼梯形式和转换平台数量与建筑内的人员平均疏散距离和疏散效率有直接关联。分散设置4部楼梯且不设置楼梯间内转换平台时人员平均疏散距离最短,分散设置4部楼梯且楼梯间设置2个转换平台时人员进入楼梯间的疏散时间最短,分散设置4部楼梯且楼梯间设置1个转换平台时疏散至室外的时间最短。

In order to explore the influence of different evacuation stair design modes on evacuation, five evacuation models were constructed, and the numerical simulation method were used to compare and analyze the correlation between different stair forms and the number of stair transition platforms and evacuation efficiency. The results indicate that the form of stairs and the number of conversion platforms are directly related to the average evacuation distance of people in the buildings, the efficiency of people evacuate to the stairwell and the efficiency of people evacuate to the outdoor. The average evacuation distance is the shortest when the 4 stairs are scattered and no transfer platform is provided in the stairwell. The evacuation efficiency of all people step into the stairwell is the highest when 4stairs are scattered and 2 transfer platforms are provided. The evacuation efficiency of all people step to the outside is the highest when 4 stairs are scattered and 1 transfer platform is provided.