互联网使用对贫困地区农户收入的影响--基于甘肃省贫困村农户的调查数据

The Impact of the Internet Use on the Income of Farmers in Poor Areas--Based on the Survey Data of Farmers in Poor Villages in Gansu Province

基于甘肃省贫困村调查数据,在综合考虑自选择、内生性与异质性问题的基础上,运用TE与IVQTE模型研究了互联网使用对贫困地区农户收入的影响,并对互联网在贫困地区充分发挥作用的门槛进行了识别和测度,以得到贫困地区充分利用互联网增收和减贫的路径。研究发现:(1)互联网使用能够显著提高农户的收入,纠正内生性偏误后农户使用互联网的边际收益高达1.25;(2)互联网使用对收入低分位点农户的影响大于收入高分位点,即互联网在一定程度上缩小了农户之间的收入差距,进一步研究发现其对贫困户的收入促进作用更大,是贫困户增收的有效途径;(3)互联网对农户收入的影响存在门槛,当家庭互联网普及率和网络费用提高到一定值后,其对农户收入的促进作用明显增强。然而,仍有21.8%的贫困户与3.3%的非贫困户未能达到最低门槛值,且贫困户在门槛值附近的分布水平劣于非贫困户,因此互联网对部分贫困群体的收入效应难以充分发挥。

Based on the survey data of poverty-stricken villages in Gansu Province,with endogeneity and heterogeneity taken into consideration,this paper uses TE and IVQTE models to study the impact of Internet use on the income of farmers in poverty-stricken areas.In order to explore the path of making full use of Internet to increase income and reduce poverty in poor areas,this paper identifies and measures the threshold of Internet.The results show that:(1)the Internet use significantly increases farmers’income,and the marginal income of farmers using the Internet is as high as 1.25 after correcting endogenous errors;(2)the impact of Internet use on farmers’income differs from one another.Specifically,the impact on farmers at low quantiles of income is significantly higher than that at high quantiles of income,that is,the Internet use reduces the income gap among farmers to a certain extent.And further research finds that the Internet has a greater effect on the income of poor households and is an effective way for poor households to increase their income.(3)there are thresholds for the impact of the Internet on the income of farmers.When the household Internet penetration rate and network cost increase to a certain value,the income effect of Internet increases obviously.However,21.8%of the poor households and 3.3%of the non-poor households failed to reach the minimum threshold,and the distribution level of the poor households near the threshold value is inferior compared to that of the non-poor households,which makes it difficult for Internet to exert its income effect on some poor groups.