病毒感染相关慢性阻塞性肺病急性加重的免疫机制及潜在靶点研究进展

Research Progress on Immune Mechanism and Potential Targets of Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Associated with Virus Infection

慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重(AECOPD)与严重的发病率、死亡率、住院率和医疗费用相关。由于AECOPD的复杂性和异质性,其诊断、评估和管理需进一步优化,并引入具有针对性的精准医疗干预措施。病毒感染是AECOPD的主要触发因素之一,但病毒相对难以分离和检测,且抗病毒药物治疗尚未取得显著进展,导致临床工作中对其重要性认识不足。因此,深入研究病毒感染与AECOPD发病之间的关系,寻找新的治疗靶点对未来AECOPD的管理具有重要意义。本文对病毒相关AECOPD的先天性固有免疫及特异性免疫反应失衡的机制进行综述,以期为优化AECOPD的防治策略提供可参考的依据。

Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD)is associated with severe morbidity,mortality,hospitalization and medical expenses.Because of the complexity and heterogeneity of AECOPD,its diagnosis,evaluation and management need to be further optimized and targeted precise medical interventions should be introduced.Virus infection is one of the main triggers of AECOPD,but it is relatively difficult to isolate and detect viruses,and antiviral therapy has not made significant progress,resulting in a lack of understanding of its importance in clinical work.Therefore,in-depth study of the relationship between viral infection and the incidence of AECOPD and finding new potential therapeutic targets are of great significance for the future management of AECOPD.This paper reviews the mechanism of congenital innate immunity and specific immune response imbalance in viral-associated AECOPD,in order to provide reference for optimizing the prevention and treatment strategies of AECOPD.