血液成分单采和血浆置换治疗血液病的临床疗效观察

Clinical Effect of Single Blood Component Collection and Plasma Exchange in the Treatment of Hematologic Diseases

目的观察血液成分单采和血浆置换治疗血液病的临床疗效。方法选取2019年4月-2021年4月在中国医学科学院血液病医院诊治的140例血液病患者作为研究对象,不同病情患者分别采用血浆置换(n=31)、血液成分单采(红细胞单采28例,白细胞单采51例,血小板单采30例)治疗,观察各治疗方法临床总有效率、血液成分单采患者白细胞计数(WBC)、红细胞计数(RBC)、血红蛋白浓度(Hb)、血细胞比容(HCT)、血小板计数(PLT)和血浆置换患者总蛋白(TP)、清蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLB)、免疫球蛋白(IgG、IgA、IgM)水平,以及临床不良反应发生情况。结果血浆置换、红细胞单采、白细胞单采、血小板单采总有效率分别为90.32%、100.00%、94.12%、100.00%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);红细胞单采治疗后患者Hb、RBC、HCT水平均低于治疗前,白细胞单采治疗后患者WBC、PLT水平均低于治疗前,血小板单采治疗后患者PLT水平低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);患者TP、GLB、IgG水平均低于置换前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);ALB、IgA、IgM水平与置换前比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);血液成分单采和血浆置换治疗期间,均未发生严重不良反应。结论血液成分单采和血浆置换治疗血液病均疗效确切,可改善患者血液指标,且不良反应少,具有良好的应用安全性,可为血液病患者后期治疗奠定良好的基础。

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of blood component collection and plasma exchange in the treatment of hematologic diseases.Methods A total of 140 patients with hematological diseases diagnosed and treated in the National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases,Institute of Hematology&Blood Diseases Hospital from April 2019 to April 2021 were selected as the research objects.Patients with different conditions were treated with plasma exchange(n=31)and blood component collection(28 cases of red blood cell collection,51 cases of white blood cell collection,30 cases of platelet collection).The total effective rate of each treatment method,white blood cell count(WBC),red blood cell count(RBC),hemoglobin concentration(Hb),hematocrit(HCT),platelet count(PLT),total protein(TP),albumin(ALB),globulin(GLB),immunoglobulin(IgG,IgA,IgM)levels of plasma exchange patients,and the occurrence of clinical adverse reactions were observed.Results The total effective rates of plasma exchange,erythrocyte collection,leukocyte collection and platelet collection were 90.32%,100.00%,94.12%and 100.00%,respectively,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The levels of Hb,RBC and HCT in patients after red blood cellpheresis were lower than those before treatment,the levels of WBC and PLT in patients after white blood cellpheresis were lower than those before treatment,and the PLT level in patients after plateletpheresis was lower than that before treatment,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The levels of TP,GLB and IgG in patients were lower than those before replacement,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);there was no significant difference in ALB,IgA and IgM levels between before and after replacement(P>0.05).No serious adverse reactions occurred during the treatment of blood component collection and plasma exchange.Conclusion Both blood component collection and plasma exchange are effective in the treatment of hematological diseases,which can improve the blood indexes of patients,reduce adverse reactions,and have good application safety,which can lay a good foundation for the later treatment of patients with hematological diseases.