中国高放废物地质处置地下实验室核素迁移现场实验研发内容探讨

Discussion on Research and Development Content of In-situ Nuclide Migration Test in the Underground Research Laboratory for Geological Disposal of High Level Radioactive Waste in China

高放废物的安全处置是核能可持续发展的前提,日益受到世界有核国家的高度重视。深地质处置是目前国际上普遍接受的高放废物最终处置方案,我国计划在21世纪中叶建成高放废物地质处置库。地下实验室是建设高放废物地质处置库工程必不可少的科学研究设施,开展地下实验室核素迁移现场实验是地质处置库工程的必经阶段。为有效推进我国高放废物地质处置核素迁移现场实验工作,系统调研了瑞士Grimsel Test Site地下实验室在核素迁移实验计划和研究工作方面的开展情况。在此基础上,结合我国高放废物地质处置需求和地下实验室工程研发,提出了我国高放废物地质处置地下实验室核素迁移现场实验研究建议。

The safe disposal of High-Level Radioactive Waste(HLW)is a prerequisite for the development of nuclear energy,and high attention has been paid by the nuclear countries in the world.Deep geological disposal,generally accepted internationally,is currently the final disposal plan of HLW.The Law on the Prevention and Control of Radioactive Pollution clarified the policy of centralized deep geological disposal of high-level solid radioactive waste.China plans to build a HLW disposal geological repository in the middle of the 21st century.The Underground Research Laboratory is an indispensable scientific research facility for the construction of a HLW disposal geological repository.With the help of the scientific research platform of the underground laboratory,a large number of in-situ experiments can be carried out and a series of very useful information can be obtained to provide scientific basis and valuable experience for the subsequent permit application,design,construction and operation of the underground repository.In order to promote the in-situ experiments of nuclide migration in geological disposal of HLW in China,the planning and implementation of the nuclide migration experiment in the Grimsel Test Site Underground Research Laboratory have been investigated in the paper.On this basis,combined with the requirements of HLW disposal and the underground laboratory project,suggestions to carry out the in-situ experiments of nuclide migration in the Underground Research Laboratory for geological disposal of HLW in China have been put forward.