野漆树漆蜡提取工艺对比

Comparison of Extraction Process of Lacquer Wax from Toxicodendron succedaneum

研究以野漆籽为实验材料,使用压榨法、有机溶剂浸提法和超临界CO_(2)萃取法3种方法提取漆蜡并分析漆蜡提取得率、物理性质和主要脂肪酸组分及含量,探究不同提取工艺对野漆树漆蜡提取的影响。结果表明:(1)不同提取方法的漆蜡得率具有极显著差异(F=41.647,P<0.01)。有机溶剂浸提法的漆蜡平均得率显著高于其他两种方法,达43.67%;其次为超临界CO_(2)萃取法,漆蜡平均得率37.31%,显著高于压榨漆蜡的平均得率34.12%。(2)超临界CO_(2)萃取所得漆蜡的外观、品质最好,各项指标均能达到食用漆蜡的国家标准GB/T 17526;(3)不同方法所得漆蜡的主要脂肪酸组分相同,为棕榈酸、油酸和硬脂酸,但各组分含量有较大差异。

Taking Toxicodendron succedaneum as raw material,the lacquer wax was extracted by pressing,organic solvent extraction and supercritical CO_(2)extraction.The effects of different extraction methods on the extraction of lacquer wax were investigated by analyzing the extraction yield,physical properties and main fatty acid components and content of lacquer wax.The results showed that 1) the effects of different extraction methods on the yield of lacquer wax (F=41.647,P<0.01) were very significant.The average yield of lacquer wax extracted by organic solvent was significantly higher than that of the other two methods,up to 43.67%.The second was supercritical CO_(2)extraction.The average yield of lacquer wax was 37.31%,which was significantly higher than that of pressed lacquer wax by 34.12%.2)The appearance and quality of lacquer which was wax extracted by supercritical CO_(2)were the best,and all the indexes could meet the national standard GB/T 17526 for edible lacquer wax.3)The main fatty acids of lacquer wax obtained by different methods were palmitic acid,oleic acid and stearic acid.However,there were great differences in the content of fatty acids.