民用飞机辅助动力装置进气系统防火适航条款解读及试验研究

Research on airworthiness provisions for fire proof on APU inlet system of civil aircraft

民用飞机辅助动力装置(简称APU)安装在飞机后机身APU舱内。APU舱作为民用飞机适航审查过程中的指定火区,需要经过严格的防火密封性验证。确保APU舱火区内可能发生的火灾危险不会传播到飞机的其他区域,影响到APU系统乃至整个飞机的安全运行。APU系统通过进气系统穿越APU舱防火墙与外界大气连通,为APU正常工作提供新鲜空气。进气系统穿越防火墙对APU舱的防火密封能力提出了很大考验。民用飞机适航审定也对APU进气系统防火性能提出了详细的适航条款要求。从APU进气系统防火适航条款解读入手,通过某型民用飞机APU进气系统防火适航审定实例,对进气系统防火从设计角度进行了研究,并且对适航审查时需要重点关注的防火密封区域进行了试验研究。

Auxiliary power unit(APU)system is installed in the APU cabin at the rear fuselage of the aircraft.As the designated fire area in the airworthiness review process of civil aircraft,APU cabin needs to undergo strict fire tightness verification to ensure that the fire risk that may occur in the fire area of APU cabin will not spread to other areas of the aircraft,thus affecting the safe operation of APU system and even the whole aircraft.The APU system communicates with the outside atmosphere by the APU inlet system through the APU cabin firewall,and provides fresh air for the normal operation of the APU.The inlet system passing through the firewall puts a great challenge on the fireproof and sealing ability of the APU cabin.Civil aircraft airworthiness certification also puts forward detailed airworthiness requirements for the fire protection of APU inlet system.Starting from the interpretation of APU inlet system fire airworthiness provisions,through a civil aircraft APU inlet system fire airworthiness certification example,the fire performance of the inlet system was studied from the design point of view,and the fire sealing areas that need to be focused on in airworthiness review were tested.