兰州市某区5年艾滋病疫情流行病学特征分析

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS epidemic in a district of Lanzhou city in recent 5 years

目的分析2016—2020年甘肃省兰州市某区艾滋病(HIV/AIDS)疫情数据,为下一步工作提供依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统,收集2016—2020年兰州市某区各级医疗机构上报的HIV/AIDS患者相关信息,采用描述流行病学方法分析人口学特征、感染途径、样本来源、基线CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数以及病程,以卡方检验比较构成差异。结果2016—2020年兰州市某区新报告HIV/AIDS患者1428例,年平均报告感染率2.17/万,年龄最小13岁、最大85岁,平均年龄(38.60±13.31)岁;其中≥50岁组和<20岁组患者所占比例均呈上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=23.574,P<0.05)。新报告患者以农民、家务及待业人员为主,其他人员体检及就诊者检测、基线CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数<200个/mm;的患者所占比例也呈上升趋势,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论各相关部门应加强针对低年龄组、高年龄组、低文化程度人群、农民和流动人口的艾滋病宣传教育,各级医疗检测机构应加大就医人群及其性伴的检测力度,争取早发现、早诊断、早治疗。

Objective The data of HIV/AIDS epidemic in a district of Lanzhou city,Gansu province from 2016 to 2020 was analyzed for providing evidence for further prevention and control.Methods The related information of HIV/AIDS cases reported by the medical institutions at all levels in a district from 2016 to 2020 was collected from Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System.The demographic characteristics,routes of infection,sample sources,baseline CD4^(+)Tlymphocyte count and course of disease were analyzed with the descriptive epidemiological method,and the differences of the proportion were compared by Chi-square test.Results There were 1428 cases with HIV/AIDS newly reported in a district of Lanzhou city during 2016 to 2020,with average annual reported infection rate of 2.17/10000.The youngest case was 13 years old,and the oldest case was 85 years old.The mean age of all cases was(38.60±13.31)years old.The proportion of the cases aged 50 years and above and younger than 20 years showed upper trend,with the statistical difference(χ^(2)=23.574,P<0.05).Household and unemployed personnel were the most in the newly reported cases.Both proportions of the cases found by physical examination and medical examination,and the baseline CD4^(+)T lymphocyte count(<200 cells/mm;)showed upper trend too,with the statistical difference(P<0.05).Conclusions The related departments should strengthen the publicity and education of HIV/AIDS in the younger and elder groups,low educated people,farmers and migrant people.The medical testing institutions at all level should strengthen the detection of medical population and their sexual partner for early finding,early diagnosis and early treatment.