老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并症相关性分析

Correlation analysis of complications of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the elderly

目的探讨老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease,COPD)与其合并症之间的相关性,进一步完善对老年COPD患者的管理方案。方法收集2019年9月—2021年4月在河南省人民医院呼吸与危重症医学科住院治疗的300例老年COPD患者与同期300例老年非COPD患者的临床资料,进行统计学分析,对比两组间合并症的发生情况。结果老年COPD组的高血压、2型糖尿病、支气管扩张、骨质疏松、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停、支气管哮喘、焦虑/抑郁、构成比明显高于老年非COPD组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其中在老年COPD组,男性患高血压、冠心病的构成比明显高于女性,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),而2型糖尿病、骨质疏松、焦虑/抑郁的构成比明显低于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),老年男性与女性之间支气管扩张、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停、支气管哮喘、下肢静脉血栓形成的构成比无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论老年COPD与多种肺内、肺外疾病具有密切的相关性,具有疾病多元化、全身性的特点,在临床诊治中应完善对老年COPD合并症的评估,制定整体性、个体化的治疗与管理方案,从而提高老年COPD患者的生活质量。

Objective To explore the correlation between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease(COPD)and its complications in the elderly,and further improve the management plan for elderly PATIENTS with COPD.Methods Clinical data of 300 elderly COPD patients treated in respiratory and critical care Medicine Department of Henan Provincial People’s Hospital from September 2019 to April 2021 and 300 elderly non-COPD patients in the same period were collected for statistical analysis,and the occurrence of complications between the two groups were compared.Results The composition ratio of hypertension,type 2 diabetes mellitus,bronchiectasis,osteoporosis,obstructive sleep apnea,bronchial asthma,anxiety/depression in the elderly COPD group was significantly higher than that in the elderly non-COPD group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).In the elderly COPD group,the composition ratio of hypertension and coronary heart disease in males was significantly higher than that in females,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),and the proportions of type 2 diabetes,osteoporosis and anxiety/depression were significantly lower than those of female(P<0.05),there were no significant differences in the composition ratio of bronchiectasis,obstructive sleep apnea,bronchial asthma and lower limb venous thrombosis between elderly men and women(P>0.05).Conclusion Elderly COPD is closely related to a variety of intrapulmonary and extrapulmonary diseases,and has the characteristics of diversified and systemic diseases.In clinical diagnosis and treatment,it is necessary to improve the evaluation of elderly COPD complications and develop holistic and individualized treatment and management programs,so as to improve the quality of life of elderly COPD patients.