从班簋、孟簋铭文看典籍中的徐偃王——兼论两周时期徐之迁徙

The King of Xu Yan in Ancient Books from the Inscription of Ban Gui and Meng Gui:also on Xu’s Migration in the Zhou Period

徐偃王在后世典籍中多被誉为“仁义之君”,然由于历史久远且文献阙佚,有关其史实多幽渺难考,结合班簋、孟簋铭可知:徐偃王确有其人,活动年限约西周中期周穆王世,地处周王朝之东,因自小身染骨病以至神形怪异、面目可憎,在班簋铭中被讥为“东国戎”。徐偃王作为部族首领,同时也身兼巫师的身份,在孟簋铭中被称为“无需”,这一发现也与古时的巫师多为残疾之人这一习俗相吻合。

The king of Xu Yan was known as“the king of benevolence and righteousness”in ancientbooks. However, due to the long history and the lack of documents, the historical facts about him were so obscure that it was difficult to test. Combining the inscription of Ban Gui and Meng Gui,it can be seen that The king of Xu Yan indeed was existent. He lived in the period of King Muin the Mid-Western Zhou Dynasty and located in the east. Suffered from bone disease since he was a child, his shape was strange and his face was abhorrent, so he was derided as“Yuan Rong in the east”in the inscription of Ban Gui. As a tribal leader and also a wizard, The king of Xu Yan was called“Wu Xu”in the inscription of Meng Gui,coincided with the custom that most wizards in ancient times were disabled people.