新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情对天津市医护人员心理及躯体状况的影响

Influence of COVID-19 epidemic on psychology and physical health of medical staff in Tianjin

目的调查新型冠状病毒肺炎(新冠肺炎)疫情下天津市医务工作者的心理及躯体健康情况,旨在疫情防控常态化情形下为其提供有效的干预措施,确保其身心健康。方法2020年7—10月,采用广泛性焦虑量表(generalized anxiety disorder screener,GAD-7)、健康问卷抑郁自评量表(patient health questionnaire-9,PHQ-9)、躯体化量表(patient health questionnaire-15,PHQ-15)、阿森斯失眠量表(athens insomnia scale,AIS)和事件影响量表修订版(impact of events scale-revised,IES-R)对8316位天津市医务工作者的心理及躯体健康状况进行评定。结果回收有效问卷8316份,其中焦虑、抑郁、躯体问题、失眠及创伤后应激障碍(post-traumatic stress disorder,PTSD)检出率分别为51.54%、55.54%、67.02%、63.44%和23.3%。不同性别、年龄、职业岗位、工作科室的医务人员GAD-7、PHQ-9、PHQ-15、AIS和IES-R得分比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01);不同文化程度的医务人员PHQ-15、AIS和IES-R得分比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01);护士焦虑、抑郁、躯体问题、失眠及PTSD得分均高于医生(均P<0.05);急诊科室医务人员焦虑、抑郁、躯体问题、失眠及PTSD得分均高于其他科室(均P<0.05)。涉及新冠肺炎疫情的相关科室更容易焦虑(OR=1.308,95%CI:1.077~1.588,P<0.05)、抑郁(OR=1.226,95%CI:1.010~1.488,P<0.05)及PTSD(OR=1.307,95%CI:1.077~1.587,P<0.05)。结论新冠肺炎疫情使天津市一线医务工作者产生一定的心理及躯体症状,尤其对于中层年龄、护士、急诊及涉及新冠肺炎引起的相关科室人员,需对其加以心理干预及疏导。

Objective To investigate the psychological and physical health of medical staff in Tianjin under the Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-2019)epidemic,in order to provide effective intervention measures to ensure their physical and mental health under the normalize epidemic prevention and control.Methods The psychological and physical health status of 8316medical workers in Tianjin were assessed by the generalized anxiety disorder screener(GAD-7),patient health questionnaire-9(PHQ-9),patient health questionnaire-15(PHQ-15),Athens insomnia scale(AIS)and impact of events scale-revised(IES-R).Results A total of 8316 valid questionnaires were collected,and the detection rates of anxiety,depression,physical problems,insomnia and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)were 51.54%,55.54%,67.02%,63.44%and 23.3%,respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the scores of GAD-7,PHQ-9,PHQ-15,AIS and IES-R among medical workers with different gender,age,occupational position and work department(all P<0.01).There were statistically significant differences in the scores of PHQ-15,AIS and IES-R among medical workers with different education level(all P<0.01).The scores of anxiety,depression,physical problems,insomnia and PTSD of nurses were higher than those of doctors(all P<0.05).The scores of anxiety,depression,physical problems,insomnia and PTSD of medical staff in emergency department were higher than those of medical staff in other departments(all P<0.05).The COVID-19 related departments were more likely to be anxious(OR=1.308,95%CI:1.077-1.588,P<0.05),depressed(OR=1.226,95%CI:1.010-1.488,P<0.05)and PTSD(OR=1.307,95%CI:1.077-1.587,P<0.05).Conclusion The COVID-19 epidemic causes certain psychological and somatic symptoms among the front-line medical workers in Tianjin,especially for the middle-level age,nurses,emergency department and COVID-19 related departments,and the psychological intervention and guidance should be performed among them.