医学生心理防御机制在独处行为与抑郁间的调节作用

Regulative effect of defense mechanism on solitude behavior and depression in medical students

目的 分析独处行为与医学生抑郁情绪的关系,了解防御机制对两者关系的调节作用。方法 采用独处行为量表、防御方式问卷(defense style questionnaire,DSQ)和抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)于2021年2—4月按照整群抽样法,从广东省和浙江省3所医学院校随机抽取705名学生展开问卷调查。结果 705名医学生的积极独处总分为(40.59±5.59)分,消极独处总分为(46.67±10.66)分,不成熟型防御机制总均分为(4.29±0.95)分,成熟型防御机制总均分为(5.51±0.81)分,中间型防御机制总均分为(3.98±0.81)分,抑郁自评总分为(47.53±10.18)分。轻度、中度及重度抑郁检出率分别为26.0%、6.0%和1.0%。医学生消极独处、不成熟型防御机制、中间型防御机制与抑郁呈正相关(r=0.458、0.604、0.334,均P<0.01),积极独处、成熟型防御机制与抑郁呈负相关(r=-0.077、-0.208,均P<0.05),消极独处与不成熟型防御机制、中间型防御机制均呈正相关(r=0.524、0.257,均P<0.01),积极独处与成熟型防御机制呈正相关(r=0.286,P<0.01)。不成熟型防御机制在医学生消极独处行为与抑郁水平的关系中起调节作用(β=0.711,t=2.750,P<0.01)。结论 消极独处和不成熟型、中间型防御机制能正向预测医学生抑郁水平,积极独处和成熟型防御机制能负向预测医学生抑郁水平,不成熟型防御机制在消极独处与抑郁水平的关系中起到调节作用。

Objective To analyze the relationship between solitude behavior and depression in medical students,explore the moderating effect of defense mechanism on the relationship. Methods A total of 705 students were randomly selected from three medical colleges in Guangzhou and Zhejiang from February to April 2021 by using the cluster sampling,and the questionnaire investigation was conducted by the Solitude behavior scale,Defense style questionnaire(DSQ) and Self rating depression scale(SDS).Results The total score of positive solitude among 705 medical students was(40.59±5.59)points,the total score of negative solitude was(46.67±10.66)points,the total score of immature defense mechanism was(4.29±0.95)points,the total score of mature defense mechanism was(5.51±0.81)points,the total score of intermediate defense mechanism was(3.98±0.81)points,and the total score of self-rating depression was(47.53±10.18)points. The detection rates of mild,moderate and severe depression were 26.0%,6.0%and 1.0%,respectively. The negative solitude,immature defense mechanism and intermediate defense mechanism were positively correlated with depression(r=0.458,0.604,0.334,all P<0.01). The positive solitude and mature defense mechanism were negatively correlated with depression(r=-0.077,-0.208,both P<0.05). The negative solitude was positively correlated with immature defense mechanism and intermediate defense mechanism(r=0.524,0.257,both P<0.01). The positive solitude was positively correlated with mature defense mechanism(r=0.286,P<0.01). The immature defense mechanism played a regulatory role in the relationship between negative solitude and depression of medical students(β=0.711,t=2.750,P<0.01). Conclusion The negative solitude,immature and intermediate defense mechanism can positively predict the medical students’ depression,positive solitude and mature defense mechanism can negatively predict the medical students’ depression,and immature defense mechanism plays a regulatory role in the relationship between negative solitude and depression.